[Salon] As Israel pummels Gaza, the crisis in the West Bank comes into focus



Settlers from Kochav Hashachar in the West Bank march on a road to the Palestinian village of Taybeh on Friday. A confrontation between settlers and Palestinian farmers the day before left one settler and several Palestinians injured. (Lorenzo Tugnoli for The Washington Post)

Their increasing clout and angry worldview have hung over a year of spiraling violence in the West Bank. And it may be all the more validated as Israeli attitudes grow more hawkish in the wake of Hamas’s atrocities. About half a million settlers live in the West Bank, in settlements that abut the lands and homes of a Palestinian population six times their number. For the Israeli right, their security concerns are paramount. For Palestinians, life under a relentless military occupation is only stoking further despair and radicalization. Since Oct. 7, Israeli security forces have detained hundreds of Palestinians in the West Bank as part of a wider crackdown on potential militancy.

“Israel’s sweeping security measures in the West Bank are an extension of its war against Hamas in Gaza, an attempt to eliminate the militant group and permanently shift the balance of power in a conflict that has raged for decades,” my colleagues reported a week ago. “But many Palestinians and some analysts warn the measures could have the opposite effect. Hamas’s presence is limited in the West Bank, where the rival Fatah movement holds power, but many of its aims are shared by a new generation of militant groups that have taken up arms here over the last year. The fighters are young, loosely organized and opportunistic.”

Sensing the looming troubles, the Biden administration has urged Israel to rein in its extremist settlers. President Biden said last week that their actions and incitement were “pouring gasoline” on an already volatile situation. But in the current climate, with Netanyahu bent on a “mighty vengeance,” that’s easier said than done.

“A responsible Israeli government would approach Israel’s challenge in the West Bank as the two-front battle that it truly is: against Palestinian and Jewish violence alike,” wrote Alex Lederman of the Israel Policy Forum. “But this problem transcends Israel’s current political reality. Just as this war is prompting Israelis to question long-held assumptions about how Israel should navigate the challenges posed by Hamas in Gaza, it should also spur a reckoning about the unnecessary and avoidable security burden posed by the settlement movement.”

In the West Bank, ordinary Palestinians are bracing for worse to come. “Fear fills the air as people remember a 2002 Israeli invasion that destroyed much of the West Bank’s infrastructure and left many people dead,” wrote Ramallah-based journalist Dalia Hatuqa. “A repetition of that invasion is the specter in people’s minds as they clear out grocery store shelves, anticipating another stretch of long days being trapped inside due to an army curfew which may or may not come.”



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