Janet Yellen in China: ‘difficult conversations’ and an overcapacity spat put hopes for common ground in question | South China Morning Post
Against the backdrop of intensifying divisions over China’s overcapacity in green technology exports and “difficult conversations” on national security, US Secretary of the Treasury Janet Yellen wound down her China trip by flagging potential opportunities for cooperation during upcoming economic and financial working groups.
And before her planned departure on Tuesday, Yellen on Monday also highlighted an area in which the two economies were able to find common ground, via a new anti-money-laundering working platform that the US Treasury established with the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) during the trip.
But much of the attention during Yellen’s visit was on her insistence that China address its industrial overcapacity issues, particularly in regard to new-energy vehicles and solar modules, which she warned could be a repeat of what happened when China’s below-cost steel flooded into the global market a decade ago.
“I’ve made clear that President Biden and I will not accept that reality again,” she said during a news conference at the US ambassador’s residence on Monday afternoon in Beijing. However, she also made a point of reiterating Washington’s position that it was not looking to “decouple” from China.
“Some changes in policies on the Chinese side are necessary and appropriate,” she said, adding that America’s allies share similar concerns that the situation could lead to “global spillovers”.
But despite Beijing’s past warnings about the risks of overcapacity in some sectors and the potential drag it could have on the nation’s economic recovery, as leadership highlighted during a key economic conference in December, high-ranking officials pushed back against Yellen’s overcapacity allegations during her trip.
While Yellen was in China sharing the West’s concerns, Minister of Commerce Wang Wentao was in Paris, telling Chinese manufacturers of electric vehicles and lithium batteries that “accusations from the US and EU about China’s overcapacity are groundless”.
Wang added that Chinese companies were competitive due to their innovation and strong supply-chain networks, not because of government subsidies. Last year, the European Union launched an anti-subsidy probe into China’s electric vehicles.
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US Treasury chief Janet Yellen in China aiming to further stabilise bilateral trade ties
US Treasury chief Janet Yellen in China aiming to further stabilise bilateral trade ties
Yellen’s words came during the first high-level visit by a US official to China this year, and they underpinned Washington’s narrative of finding cooperation despite the wide-ranging competition that persists in areas ranging from trade to science and technological developments.
Yellen said she had spent two hours with Vice-Premier He Lifeng explaining America’s concerns on the overcapacity issue, and she said it was “critical” for China to understand that it would have “adverse impacts” on American workers and firms. However, she did not offer specific details on what measures might be taken if China is eventually deemed to have not addressed the problem.
Apart from their divisions on overcapacity, Yellen also noted that she had “difficult conversations about national security” with her Chinese counterparts, and she called for “transparency” from China on its national security actions and “greater clarity on where it sees the line between national security and economic issues”.
She added that these types of concessions would provide “greater stability” to the relationship while also helping bolster confidence for firms investing in China.
Yellen, who landed in China on Thursday, described her packed series of high-level meetings in China as “productive, direct and extensive”.
She first met Vice-Premier He Lifeng and American business executives in Guangzhou, Guangdong province, on Friday and Saturday before arriving in the capital city on Saturday afternoon.
In Beijing, she met Premier Li, PBOC governor Pan Gongsheng, Minister of Finance Lan Fo’an and Beijing mayor Yin Yong. She also visited the National School of Development at Peking University, where she had discussions with teachers and students on Sunday.
No one would be naive enough to believe that China-US ties will be closerLu Xiang, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Lu Xiang, a senior researcher with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said Yellen’s concerns about China’s green tech industries suggest that further economic coercion could occur in related areas.
“[The visit] means that there is hope for stabilising bilateral relations, but no one would be naive enough to believe that China-US ties will be closer,” Lu said.
Jean-Pierre Cabestan, professor emeritus with the Department of Government and International Studies at Hong Kong Baptist University, said the new anti-money-laundering initiative was meant to show “some kind of deliverables to the media and to the public” from Yellen’s visit, and was an attempt to “lower the temperature” in bilateral relations.
Yet, Alicia Garcia-Herrero, chief economist for the Asia-Pacific region at French investment bank Natixis, said the two sides may have agreed to work together to combat money laundering because the US was “putting pressure” on China with regard to related cases from Hong Kong.
Garcia-Herrero expects high-level China-US official visits to continue before Biden goes into “full re-election mode” around midyear.