China leads nations with new climate plans, defying US climate denial
September 25, 20254:08 AM EDTUpdated 8 hours ago - China announces plans for first-ever emissions cuts, targeting 7-10% by 2035
- Xi rebukes climate retreat by "some countries" in veiled reference to United States
- New country pledges still fall short for holding global warming in check
Sept
24 (Reuters) - China led several countries in announcing new climate
plans on Wednesday and offered a veiled rebuke of the U.S. president's
anti-climate rhetoric a day earlier at the U.N. General Assembly.
Addressing
a climate leaders’ summit hosted by U.N. Secretary-General Antonio
Guterres, Chinese President Xi Jinping said in a live video message from
Beijing that by 2035 his country would cut its greenhouse gas emissions
by 7%-10% from its peak.
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In
addition, Xi said China planned to increase its wind and solar power
capacity by six times from its 2020 levels within the next 10 years –
helping to boost its share of non-fossil fuels in domestic energy
consumption to over 30%.
China's
reduction target marked the first time the world's biggest emitter
pledged a cut in emissions, rather than just limiting their growth,
though the reduction was less than many observers had expected.
Xi
urged stronger climate action from the world's developed countries. He
referred, though not by name, to the United States for moving away from
the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change.
"Green
and low-carbon transformation is the trend of our times. Despite some
countries going against the trend, the international community should
stay on the right track, maintain unwavering confidence, unwavering
action, and undiminished efforts," Xi said.
On Tuesday, U.S. President Donald Trump used his U.N. General Assembly speech to
blast climate change
as a "con job", to call scientists “stupid” and to criticize EU member
states and China for embracing clean energy technologies.
Trump
ordered a second withdrawal by Washington from the 10-year-old Paris
treaty, which aimed to prevent global temperatures from rising beyond
1.5 degrees Celsius through national climate plans. The U.S. is the
world's biggest historical greenhouse gas emitter and second biggest
current emitter behind China.
Ian
Bremmer, a political scientist with the Belfer Center, said Trump's
climate denial speech had effectively ceded the market for post-carbon
energy to the Chinese.
"Trump
wants fossil fuels and the United States is indeed a powerful
petro-state,” Bremmer said. “But letting China become the world’s sole
powerful electro-state is the opposite of making America great again …
at least if you care about the future.”
Observers
had been hoping that China would seize on the U.S. retreat as a moment
to announce a reduction target of at least 30% to stay in line with its
past goal of net-zero emissions by 2060.
Li
Shuo, director of the China Climate Hub at the Asia Society, said
China's announcement was underwhelming in light of its rapid production
of renewable energy and electric vehicles.
"Beijing's
commitment represents a cautious move that extends a long-standing
political tradition of prioritizing steady, predictable decision-making
but also hides a more significant economic reality," he said.
Li
noted, however, that China's dominance in green technology and
Washington's retreat could push China toward a more proactive role on
the global stage.
WORLD IS STILL SHORT ON AMBITION
Item
1 of 2 Solar panels lie in front of factories at Jinjie Industrial Park
in Shenmu, Shaanxi province, China November 20, 2023. REUTERS/Colleen
Howe/File Photo
[1/2]Solar
panels lie in front of factories at Jinjie Industrial Park in Shenmu,
Shaanxi province, China November 20, 2023. REUTERS/Colleen Howe/File
Photo Purchase Licensing Rights Despite
pressure for significant new climate commitments ahead of this year’s
COP30 summit in Brazil, Wednesday’s announcements failed to impress.
Environmental
groups and observers said pledges by some of the world's biggest
economies fell well short of where they should be in emissions
reductions, given the rapidly worsening impacts of climate change.
Brazilian
President Luis Inacio Lula da Silva warned that countries’ commitments
made ahead of the U.N. climate summit in November would show the world
"whether or not we believe in what the science is showing us."
Brazil has committed to reducing emissions by 59%-67% by 2035 and to stepping up efforts to combat deforestation.
"Society is going to stop believing its leaders," Lula said. "And all of us will lose because denialism may actually win."
Guterres, who
hosted the summit
on the sidelines of the U.N. General Assembly, assured that the world
was making progress in the energy transition, even if it was slow.
"The
Paris Agreement has made a difference," Guterres said in prepared
remarks, noting that actions taken under the 2015 treaty had lowered the
projected rise in the average global temperature to from 4 degrees C to
2.6 degrees C.
That’s
still far from the treaty’s stated goal of holding to 1.5 degrees C.
Already the world has warmed more than 1.2 degrees C from the
preindustrial average.
"Now, we need new plans for 2035 that go much further, much faster," Guterres said.
The European Union has
not yet reached agreement on its new U.N.-mandated climate target, instead drafting plans to submit a temporary goal, which could change.
EU
President Ursula Van der Leyen told the summit the EU was on track to
reach its 2030 target of slashing emissions 55% by 2030, and the bloc’s
2035 reduction goal would range between 66% and 72%.
Australia,
which plans to host a 2026 UN climate summit, announced a pledge that
by 2035, it would slash greenhouse gas to between 62% and 70% below 2005
levels.
"We
want to bring the world with us on climate change, not by asking any
nation to forgo the jobs or security that its people deserve, but by
working with every nation to seize and share those opportunities,"
Australia Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said.
The
South Pacific island nation of Palau, representing the 39-member
Alliance of Small Island States, announced its own goal of slashing
emissions to 44% of 2015 levels by 2035.
Palau’s
President Surangel Whipps reminded leaders of the advisory opinion
issued by the International Court of Justice earlier this year affirming
an "obligation grounded in international law" for countries to take
stronger measures to curb their emissions.
"Those
with the greatest responsibility and the greatest capacity to act must
do far more," he said, in reference to the world’s industrialized
nations.
Reporting by Valerie Volcovici; Editing by Alistair Bell, David Gregorio, Katy Daigle and Lincoln Feast.