[Salon] Treasury Confirms $1.8 Trillion Deficit in FY 2025




Treasury Confirms $1.8 Trillion Deficit in FY 2025

October 17, 2025

The United States borrowed $1.8 trillion in Fiscal Year (FY) 2025 according to the latest Monthly Treasury Statement from the Treasury Department. This deficit is similar to last year’s, despite an additional $118 billion of tariff revenue and roughly $200 billion of lower deficits from recorded changes in the expected future cost of the student loan portfolio.   

 

The monthly statement showed a surplus of $198 billion in the month of September – $118 billion more than the surplus logged in September of 2024. Roughly $130 billion of this surplus represents one-time savings from reforms that reduce the expected cost of the student loan portfolio. Another roughly $88 billion represents a timing shift of some payments due in September to August, as September 1 fell on a weekend. Without the one-time savings and timing shift, the government would have posted a modest deficit in September 2025.  

 

The Treasury Department also showed that interest on the national debt continues to be one of the largest line-items in the federal budget – larger than defense spending and behind just Medicare and Social Security spending. 

 

The following is a statement from Maya MacGuineas, president of the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget: 

The federal government continues to borrow $5 billion per day. Despite significant tariff revenue and large one-time student loan savings, our deficit is just as large as last year's and shows no sign of decline.  

 

Driving home the message that Washington has traded fiscal responsibility for total dysfunction, these deficit totals came to us while the federal government is in its second week of a shutdown. Our debt is headed for a record share of the economy and we’re posting nearly $2 trillion deficits outside of an emergency or recession – how do our leaders expect to deal with any of that when they can’t agree on keeping the lights on? 

 

Reopening the government without tying it to massive new borrowing should be the bare minimum and needs to be accomplished as soon as possible. 

 

Once we have a functioning government again, we have a long road ahead of us in this new fiscal year. We need to stop treating the budget like it’s on autopilot; on the contrary, we need to reestablish guardrails to prevent the debt from exploding. That means extending the discretionary spending caps that helped control spending the past two years as well as offsetting new policies with twice as much savings, or “Super PAYGO.” 

 

And we urgently need to enact trust fund solutions to curb the cost growth and prevent insolvency for our major trust funds like Social Security and Medicare. 

 

Policymakers have been treating the budget as if it has no consequences for far too long. This past fiscal year is proof enough of that. Before we lose our standing in the world irrevocably, Washington needs to make a pivot now to the basics and necessities of responsible budgeting. 

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For more information, please contact Matt Klucher, Assistant Director of Media Relations, at  klucher@crfb.org

Committee For a Responsible Federal Budget
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