“Where are Iran's allies and friends? Where Cuba’s?”‘Internationalism’ is in crisis.
26 MARCH—Consider these following passages in a text that is now entered officially in the record of United Nations proceedings. I draw from Security Council Resolution 2817, which the 15–member Council passed on 11 March. At issue in the vote that passed this document is the presence or otherwise of the principles of internationalism—parity, sovereignty, solidarity, the common good, global justice. In another context, and I will address this shortly, the same question arises as the Trump regime effectively blockades Cuba to the point it is in danger of collapse. The Security Council acted in response to Bahrain’s request for a special session on the U.S.–Israeli war with Iran and the latter’s retaliatory attacks on various targets in Bahrain and elsewhere in the Persian Gulf region. These clauses announce what the Council decided to do. I rearrange the verbs and nothing more: ¶ Deplore the deliberate targeting of civilians and civilian objects by the Islamic Republic of Iran, including airports, energy installations, objects necessary for food production and distribution, and critical civilian infrastructure, as well as the indiscriminate use of weapons in populated areas and their consequences for the civilian population, as well as attacks and threats on merchant and commercial vessels in and near the Strait of Hormuz…. ¶ Condemn in the strongest terms the egregious attacks by the Islamic Republic of Iran against the territories of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Jordan and determine that such acts constitute a breach of international law and a serious threat to international peace and security; ¶ Further condemn that residential areas were attacked, that civilian objects have been targeted and that the attacks resulted in civilian casualties and damage of civilian buildings; and express solidarity with these countries and their people; ¶ Demand the immediate cessation of all attacks by the Islamic Republic of Iran against Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Jordan; ¶ Demand that the Islamic Republic of Iran immediately and unconditionally cease from any provocation or threats to neighboring States, including the use of proxies; ¶ Call upon the Islamic Republic of Iran to comply fully with its obligations under international law, including international humanitarian law, particularly regarding the protection of civilians and civilian objects in armed conflict…. And so on through nine clauses. The text of UNSC 2817 is here. Russia, China, and various non-aligned members of the Council managed to get the most objectionable passages in an early draft—“… the unprovoked and egregious attacks by the Islamic Republic of Iran,” for instance—out of the final resolution, but it passed as I quote it: 13 members voted in favor, and there were two abstentions. ■ Having overcome my loss for words on reading this resolution, let me address the fundamental questions, of which several, raised by this document and the vote on it. Straight off the top, UNSC 2817 is a diabolically clear example of what I call the meta-reality the Western powers now impose, with the acquiescence or cooperation of their numerous client states, on the community of nations. “The deliberate targeting of civilians and civilian objects,” “the indiscriminate use of weapons in populated areas,” “a breach of international law and a serious threat to international peace and security”: This text makes not the slightest sense when applied to Iran’s legitimate self-defense. Turn the resolution upside down and aim it at the United States and the Zionist regime, and it is straight to the point. This is the real-time construction of the meta-reality a late-phase imperium requires to justify its thoroughly unjustifiable conduct toward another nation. This is the extent to which it has bribed, coerced, or otherwise forced the world’s less powerful nations to support this grotesque edifice of illusion. There are not many surprises among the 13 nations that backed 2817. The French, British, and Americans voted for it—the last, in my surmise, having almost certainly dictated the draft of the resolution. It goes without saying Bahrain, of course one of America’s Persian Gulf dependencies, would not have acted without guidance from Washington. Latvia, Liberia, Congo, Somalia, Pakistan: They will all have had their reasons for going along with this preposterous document. One hoped for more from the Greeks and the Danes, maybe, but they, too climbed on. So did Gustavo Petro’s Colombia, and we can be surprised and not surprised all at once: Petro has stood up honorably to the Trump regime and in favor of international law, but this makes his nation highly vulnerable to attack of the kind that has befallen Venezuela or Iran or some other variant in between. No, the surprises for me lay elsewhere. They are two. Apart from the Security Council vote, some 135 nations backed 2817 in the General Assembly. There was no vote in the G.A.: These were voluntary endorsements, “co-sponsorships,” and the 135 figure marks a record high in these things. Why? Why—let me single out this nation—is India on this list of co-sponsors? Think of it: India, which has counted principled nonalignment as the pillar of its diplomacy since Nehru gave the nation’s foreign policy its essential character eight decades ago. And now this? Then there were the Russians and the Chinese, permanent members of the Security Council. Neither exercised its veto to block this nonsensical attack not only on Iran but on law, logic, and reason itself. Why turns into why not? Why did Russia and China choose to abstain while covering themselves with limp-wristed calls for a ceasefire? Russia’s ambassador, Vasily Nebenzya, made these remarks after 2817 passed:
These are principled objections, every one of them just. How Ambassador Nebenzya got from these to an ineffectual abstention rather than a vociferously delivered veto is simply beyond me. He ought to have banged his shoe on his desk in protest, a pointed reference to Khrushchev’s famous gesture in the General Assembly in 1960. “What unfolded at the Security Council on Wednesday is not merely a diplomatic misstep — it is another demonstration of how far the world’s most powerful states have drifted from justice, truth, and responsible leadership.” That is Annette Morgan, who contributed a passionate denunciation of the 11 March proceedings in Consortium News. Her outrage, widely shared, is directed toward Russia and China as much as the United States and its European clients. Ian Williams, a longtime correspondent at the U.N., had a properly scathing piece last Friday in Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, a seven-times-a-year journal published by the American Educational Trust, a non-profit organization. Referencing F.D.R.’s famous day-of-infamy remark after Imperial Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, Williams writes:
Williams’s piece goes on to relate the vote on 2817 to the U.N.’s endorsement last November, via Resolution 2803, of the Trump regime’s 20–point “peace plan” and its “Board of Peace,” which, as others have remarked, amounts to a full-frontal challenge to the U.N.’s authority. From the Williams piece:
These observations suggest the magnitude we should assign to the 11 March events at the U.N. and lead Williams to pose the question with which he begins: “Is the United Nations dead, or merely crippled?” This is one of my questions, too. Williams leaves it unanswered and so will I, but I share his evident pessimism on this very large point. The vote on 2817 prompts me to pose another question—one I consider of equal or greater importance. What has happened to the admirable internationalism once prevalent among non–Western nations, especially the scores that won independence in the decades after the 1945 victories? Does “internationalism,” the very term, now sit on a museum shelf gathering dust, a curious artifact of another time? There is no avoiding this question as the U.S.–Israeli aggression against Iran continues. Or as we contemplate the significance of Russia’s and China’s failures to veto UNSC Resolution 2817. Or as we consider India’s vote as a “con-sponsor.” Or as the Trump regime blocks Cuba’s petroleum supplies to the point it cannot turn on the lights, its people are beginning to starve and its health care system, once among the world’s most admired, can no longer function. Where are Iran’s allies and friends? Where Cuba’s? These, too, are important questions. Understood in full, the U.S.–Israeli war against Iran and what amounts to a starvation blockade against Cuba are confrontations between the West and non–West—theaters wherein the new world order most of humanity awaits will be forged. The principles and spirit of internationalism are the very stitching that will give this order shape. ■ In the weeks before the U.S.–Israeli attacks on Iran there were numerous reports that the Russians and Chinese were assisting the Islamic Republic as it prepared to defend itself against the imminent aggressions of the Americans and the Israeli regime of terror. Both Russia and China were said to be dramatically increasing shipments of critical military technologies to Iran—advanced drones, air defense systems, missile components, a data-link network that would get Iran out of the West’s G.P.S. system. In mid–February, Russia, China, and Iran began joint naval exercises in the northern end of the Indian ocean, the Gulf of Oman and—it does not get more pointed—the Strait of Hormuz. Ah, I thought, and wrote elsewhere: This is what internationalism looks like in the 21st century. This is the new world order as it is on the ground (and in the air). The BRICS group, of which Iran, China, and Russia are members, is, yes, the still-in-formation descendant of the old Non–Aligned Movement, which was the beating heart of the internationalist ethos after it declared its principles at Bandung in 1955 and, six years later, formally constituted itself in Belgrade. That assessment may prove right, but I do not stand by it so ebulliently as I did when I first made it. Where are the Russians and Chinese now that the Islamic Republic is under daily siege? Where were they on 11 March, when 2817 was put up for a vote? If there is a nation other than Cuba that has stood more steadfastly for the principles of internationalism I cannot think of it. Readers of a certain age may recall Operation Carlota, by way of which Castro, beginning in late 1975, sent several hundred thousand troops and many thousands of doctors to aid the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola, the M.P.L.A., as it defended itself against various proxies armed and financed by the C.I.A. Jump-cut to March 2020, when, post–Fidel, Cuba sent a large detachment of doctors to aid Lombardy, the worst-hit of the Italian provinces as the Covid–19 virus spread. The Cubans still bear the banner, we can conclude with admiration. And now, in their hour of need? Claudia Sheinbaum is in the same fix as Gustavo Petro now: She was forced to cut off Mexico’s supplies of petroleum to Cuba under threat of U.S. sanctions just as Petro’s ambassador at the U.N. was effectively coerced into supporting the egregious 2817. There is no pretending in matters of relative strength and relative weakness. At writing two Russian oil tankers are en route to Cuba. The Sea Horse is carrying 190,000 barrels of Russian diesel and gasoil, according to a CNBC report, and the Anatoly Kolodkin is reportedly laden with 730,000 barrels of crude—enough to keep Cuba going for 10 days. The Kolodkin is expected in Cuba by Monday, according to an N.P.R. report. This is in open defiance of the Treasury Department, which has stated that the Trump regime’s recent decision to lift sanctions on Russian oil shipments will not cover deliveries to Cuba. Two small volumes of petroleum and byproducts are not enough by a long way to sustain the Cuban Republic. But is Moscow calling Washington’s bluff? It ought to be, with the certainty Trump and his people will not dare reenact the Cuban Missile Crisis, this time over oil supplies. The Chinese are reportedly sending quantities of solar panels—great, modest? It is not clear—to the Cubans. O.K., it is a clever move to counter the Trump regime’s illegal blockade while also helping Cuba make the transition to post-fossil sources of energy. But I have to wonder what Sukarno or Zhou Enlai or Nehru or Tito would think of plane loads of solar panels as a manifestation of internationalism as they understood it. I leave readers to finish the thought. It is the same with the Chinese as with the Russians: Were China to dispatch convoys carrying rice, medicines, and various much-needed technologies to the Cuban Republic, the Trump regime could not possibly take the risk of interdicting them. Washington—interesting to recognize this—is no longer powerful enough to confront Beijing in this kind of circumstance. Such moves, I should add, would mark a major advance of the new world order of which the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic are very major proponents. My reluctant conclusion: Internationalism, as essential to this order as it was to the N.A.M. in the 1950s and 1960s, is alive among us but in crisis. Why this? What has happened over how many years? I knew you would ask. My thoughts are several. One, remember when Vladimir Putin remarked that anyone who did not regret the demise of the Soviet Union had no heart, and anyone who thought it could be revived had no brain? This remark was dismissed across the West as a measure of the Russian president’s hopeless nostalgia, naturally, but there was a lot in it if you looked past the predictable propaganda. A lot else collapsed, if less dramatically, with the passage of the Soviet Union into history. So did the socialist (or Socialist in many cases) principles that were the bedrock of post–1945 internationalism. Anyone who spent time in the Global South from, say, the Reagan years onward could see the tide of neoliberalism sweeping in with all its flotsam— market fundamentalism, deregulation, privatization, and so on. Post–Cold War Russia, to finish this point, is state capitalist by any other name. The Chinese fiddle pointlessly with their “socialism with Chinese characteristics” rhetoric. Capitalist growth tends to weaken the consciousness of common cause now: This seems to be the short of it. Two, and related to the above point, with the Cold War’s end the binary that defined the post–1945 decades more influentially than anything else is no more. National identities and interests, long submerged, now supersede what we used to call blocs—Eastern, Western, Socialist. Think of the BRICS: Its membership now runs from social democracies of one or another variety to autocracies, U.S. clients, and monarchies. We can still talk of the Global South, but it is no longer clear to me what this means. Finally and not least, there is the exercise of U.S. power. Since 2001, when—my date for this—the American Century abruptly ended—Washington has asserted itself ever more lawlessly, coercively, viciously, and violently. With Trump’s return to the White House, there is no longer even the pretense of America as “the light of the world.” We now witness the late-phase imperium in defense of its lapsing dominance—raw power as it seeks to preserve itself. This will run its course, but there is little defense against it for the time being. The old solidarity—which surely remains a reference in more minds than mine—is challenged. The 11 March vote at the U.N. is measure enough of what America’s extreme assertions of power do to what remains of the old internationalist principles. It was John Whitbeck, the international attorney based in Paris, who passed on, via his privately circulated blog, the Ian Williams piece in Washington Report of Middle East Affairs. He appended this note as he did so:
I sometimes ask readers not to miss the optimism buried beneath the apparent pessimism as I comment on events. It is hard to miss either in Whitbeck’s remark. Footnote: At writing, Telesur, the Latin American broadcast network, reports that Guatemala and Jamaica announced today they will end longstanding cooperation agreements under which Cuban medical missions operated in both countries. Both nations acted under coercive pressure from Washington. La lucha continúa, a luta continua, la lutte continue: Does anyone say this anymore? ■ This is a revised and expanded version of an essay that appeared earlier in Consortium News. |